Identify two examples of forces that can cause centripetal acceleration. Use the Check Your Understanding questions to assess whether students master the learning objectives of this section. If students are struggling with a specific objective, the formative assessment will help identify which objective is causing the problem and direct students to the relevant content.
As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book is Creative Commons Attribution License 4. Changes were made to the original material, including updates to art, structure, and other content updates. Skip to Content Go to accessibility page. Physics 6. My highlights. Table of contents. Chapter Review. Test Prep. By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following: Describe centripetal acceleration and relate it to linear acceleration Describe centripetal force and relate it to linear force Solve problems involving centripetal acceleration and centripetal force.
Teacher Support The learning objectives in this section will help your students master the following standards: 4 Science concepts. The student knows and applies the laws governing motion in a variety of situations. The student is expected to: C analyze and describe accelerated motion in two dimensions using equations, including projectile and circular examples.
D calculate the effect of forces on objects, including the law of inertia, the relationship between force and acceleration, and the nature of force pairs between objects.
In addition, the High School Physics Laboratory Manual addresses content in this section in the lab titled: Circular and Rotational Motion, as well as the following standards: 4 Science concepts.
Teacher Support Consider Figure 6. Ladybug Motion in 2D In this simulation, you experiment with the position, velocity, and acceleration of a ladybug in circular and elliptical motion. Click to view content. Teacher Support [BL] [OL] [AL] Using the same demonstration as before, ask students to predict the relationships between the quantities of angular velocity, centripetal acceleration, mass, centripetal force.
Centripetal force is perpendicular to tangential velocity and causes uniform circular motion. The larger the centripetal force F c , the smaller is the radius of curvature r and the sharper is the curve. Centripetal Force and Acceleration Intuition This video explains why a centripetal force creates centripetal acceleration and uniform circular motion.
Teacher Support Some students might be confused between centripetal force and centrifugal force. Imagine that you are swinging a yoyo in a vertical clockwise circle in front of you, perpendicular to the direction you are facing.
If the string breaks just as the yoyo reaches its bottommost position, nearest the floor. What will happen to the yoyo after the string breaks? Estimating Centripetal Acceleration In this activity, you will measure the swing of a golf club or tennis racket to estimate the centripetal acceleration of the end of the club or racket.
One tennis racket or golf club One timer One ruler or tape measure Procedure. Teacher Support The swing of the golf club or racket can be made very close to uniform circular motion. Frictional Force on Car Tires Rounding a Curve Calculate the centripetal force exerted on a kg car that rounds a m-radius curve on horizontal ground at Static friction prevents the car from slipping.
Find the magnitude of the frictional force between the tires and the road that allows the car to round the curve without sliding off in a straight line. What is uniform circular motion? Angular velocity and speed. Connecting period and frequency to angular velocity. Radius comparison from velocity and angular velocity: Worked example. Linear velocity comparison from radius and angular velocity: Worked example.
Change in period and frequency from change in angular velocity: Worked examples. With the block providing a normal force directed inward, the ball can round the corner in a circular-like path. The block supplies the centripetal force required for circular motion. With the centripetal motion requirement met, uniform circular motion can occur. This is illustrated in the animation on the right.
With a centripetal force, an object in motion will be accelerated and change its direction. The tendency of a moving object to continue in a straight line in the absence of an unbalanced force and to turn in a circle in the presence of a inward-directed force i.
When the car makes a sudden turn, the passengers tend to continue in their straight line path. The force experienced by the passenger is an inward force; without it, the passenger would slide out of the car. For more information on physical descriptions of motion, visit The Physics Classroom Tutorial. Specific information is available about the following topics:.
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